Personally identifiable information or PII for short refers to any information that can be used, either alone or together with other information, to identify a person.
Some countries or states place particular protections on such data, such as via the European Union’s General Data Protection Regulation or the California Consumer Privacy Act.
Unfortunately, not all legislations have such specific laws – however, as the right to privacy is one right codified in the Universal Declaration of Human Rights, which many nations ratified, in theory all those nations should offer some protection for PII. Unfortunately, that theory is not necessarily well reflected in reality.